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At least five M&A deals - three in the Islamic banking space and two in conventional - are in various stages of discussion, according to U Capital.
The new round of M&A follows the landmark merger between National Bank of Abu Dhabi (NBAD) and First Gulf Bank (FGB) in the UAE, resulting in creation of the regions second biggest bank.
The ongoing merger talks between Kuwait Finance House and Ahli United Bank of Bahrain is the first cross-border deal as earlier mergers were mostly between banks that were headquartered in the same country, analysts at U Capital said.
"New in the region, small size of Islamic banks is a factor that hurts them more forcing them to look for different ways of survival. Such is the scale of top four conventional banks that their assets cover up the entire assets of Islamic banks in the GCC," U Capital said.
Combined assets of four top conventional banks in the region stand at $621 billion whereas the assets of entire Islamic banks in GCC stand at $563 billion as of second quarter 2017.
"Hence, creation of bigger Islamic banks has become necessary as it could rival not only other Islamic banks in the region, but also the giants on the conventional side," analysts said.
"Prompted by emerging macroeconomic scenario, altering regulations, change in consumer behavior and demographics, the new landscape of M&A is here to stay and is having far reaching impact at both the operational and strategic level," U Capital.
Analysts pointed out that GCC banking sector has experienced a fundamental change in last couple of years. "Higher growth era fuelled by higher oil prices has gone leaving behind a diversified banking sector. The sector has seen a flurry of headlines related to mergers, acquisition, sale of stake from one strategic investor to another and many more."
The last mergers in the Islamic banking industry were seen in 2012-13 when Dubai Bank merged with Emirates Islamic Bank and Capivest, Elaf Bank and Capital Management House merged to form Ibdar Bank. While on the conventional banking side the latest merger was amongst First Gulf Bank and National Bank of Abu Dhabi.
According to banking sources, Masraf Al Rayan, International Bank of Qatar and Barwa Bank are in the due diligence phase. The three-way merger is expected to create the largest Islamic bank in Qatar. Saudi British Bank and Alawwal Bank are also said to be discussing a potential merger that would create the third-largest bank in Saudi Arabia.
However, Fitch Ratings said in a note that a pick up in mergers and acquisitions among banks in GCC is unlikely due to structural impediments, "despite market conditions that appear conducive and numerous rumours about potential deals."
Industry experts aid banks across the region are facing pressure on profitability and tighter liquidity, especially in countries where public sector deposits have been withdrawn from banks to shore up government finances weakened by lower oil prices. The UAE, Bahrain and, to some extent, Oman would benefit from consolidation as many banks in these countries lack sufficient scale.
According to Fitch, the ownership structure of GCC banks is also a stumbling block to M&A approvals. In most cases, well established local private shareholders often control sizeable stakes and foreign banks only hold minority stakes. -issacjohn@khaleejtimes.com
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